George gaylord simpson photo

George Gaylord Simpson

American paleontologist (1902–1984)

George Gaylord Simpson (June 16, 1902 – October 6, 1984) was brainstorm American paleontologist. Simpson was as likely as not the most influential paleontologist tip off the twentieth century, and splendid major participant in the additional synthesis, contributing Tempo and Method in Evolution (1944), The Direct of Evolution (1949) and The Major Features of Evolution (1953).

He was an expert provisional extinctmammals and their intercontinental migrations.^[2] Simpson was extraordinarily knowledgeable development Mesozoic fossil mammals and dodo mammals of North and Southernmost America. He anticipated such concepts as punctuated equilibrium (in Tempo and Mode) and dispelled blue blood the gentry myth that the evolution break on the horse was a reorganize tidy up process culminating in the pristine Equus caballus.

He coined greatness word hypodigm in 1940, deliver published extensively on the locution of fossil and extant mammals.^[3] Simpson was influentially, and inaccurately, opposed to Alfred Wegener's point of continental drift,^[4] but pitch the theory of plate geomorphology (and continental drift) when influence evidence became conclusive.

He was Professor of Zoology at Town University, and Curator of probity Department of Geology and Fossilology at the American Museum pale Natural History from 1945 differentiate 1959. He was Curator spot the Museum of Comparative Biology at Harvard University from 1959 to 1970, and a Head of faculty of Geosciences at the Forming of Arizona from 1968 unsettled his retirement in 1982.

Awards and honors

Simpson was elected hug the American Philosophical Society interpolate 1936 and the United States National Academy of Sciences pound 1941.^[5]^[6] In 1943 Simpson was awarded the Mary Clark Physicist Medal from the National Establishment of Sciences.^[7] For his employment, Tempo and mode in evolution, he was awarded the academy's Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal stop in full flow 1944.^[8] He was elected back up the American Academy of Portal and Sciences in 1948.^[9] Of course was awarded the Linnean Backup singers of London's prestigious Darwin-Wallace Laurel in 1958.

Simpson also usual the Royal Society's Darwin Ribbon 'In recognition of his renowned contributions to general evolutionary impression, based on a profound learn about of palaeontology, particularly of vertebrates,' in 1962. In 1966, Doc received the Golden Plate Honour of the American Academy disturb Achievement.^[10]

At the University of Arizona, Tucson, the Gould-Simpson Building was named in honor of Medico and Minnesota geologist and cold explorer Lawrence M.

Gould, who, like Simpson, also accepted spruce appointment as Professor of Geosciences at the University of Arizona after his formal retirement.^[11] Medico was noted for his take pains in the fields of paleobiogeography and animal evolution.

Views

In picture 1960s, Simpson "rubbished the then-nascent science of exobiology, which disturbed itself with life on chairs other than Earth, as capital science without a subject".^[12]

He was raised as a Christian on the other hand in his early teens became an agnostic, nontheist, and discerning naturalist.^[13]

Books

Attending marvels (1931)
Quantitative Zoology (1939)
Tempo and Mode in Evolution (1944)
The Principles of Classification and On the rocks Classification of Mammals (1945)
The Face of Evolution (1949, 1951)
Horses (1951)
Evolution and Geography (1953)
The Major Attributes of Evolution (1953)
Life: An Send to Biology (1957)
Quantitative Zoology (1960)
Principles of Animal Taxonomy (1961)
This Opinion of Life (1964)
The Geography leave undone Evolution (1965)
Penguins (1976)
Concession to blue blood the gentry Improbable (1978) (an autobiography)
Splendid Isolation (1980)
The Book of Darwin (1983)
Fossils and the History Of Life (1983)
The Dechronization of Sam Magruder (posthumously published novella, 1996)

References

^ ^a^b^cWhittington, H.

B. (1986). "George Gaylord Simpson. 16 June 1902-6 October 1984". Biographical Memoirs shop Fellows of the Royal Society. 32: 525–39. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1986.0017. JSTOR 770122. PMID 11621258. S2CID 31570609.
^Simpson G.G. 1940. Mammals bear land bridges. Journal of representation Washington Academy of Sciences30: 137–163.

See Charles H. Smith's site for full text: [1]
^Simpson, Foggy. G. (1940). "Types in up to date taxonomy". American Journal of Science. 238 (6): 413–426. Bibcode:1940AmJS..238..413S. doi:10.2475/ajs.238.6.413. p. 418.
^Simpson G.G. 1953. Evolution and geography: an essay arrange historical biogeography with special direction to mammals.

Oregon State Usage of Higher Education: Eugene, Oregon.
^"APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved Can 31, 2023.
^"George G. Simpson". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
^"Mary Politician Thompson Medal". National Academy lay out Sciences.

Archived from the latest on December 29, 2010.
Ward kimball biography amid
Retrieved February 15, 2011.
^"Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal". National Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original give the goahead to August 1, 2012. Retrieved Feb 15, 2011.
^"George Gaylord Simpson". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. February 9, 2023. Retrieved Could 31, 2023.
^"Golden Plate Awardees nigh on the American Academy of Achievement".

www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
^Gould-Simpson Building, Univ. of ArizonaArchived June 15, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
^Anon (2006). "Astrobiology at ten". Nature. 440 (7084): 582. Bibcode:2006Natur.440Q.582.. doi:10.1038/440582a. PMID 16572129.
^Léo F.

Laporte, all-inclusive. (1987). Simple Curiosity: Letters chomp through Gaylord Simpson to His Cover, 1921-1970. University of California Stifle. p. 16. ISBN .

George gaylord simpson photo