Hazrat umar ibn al khattab biography
Umar
Umar ibn al-Khattab (Arabic: عُمَر بْن ٱلْخَطَّاب, romanized:ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb; proverbial saying. 582/583 – 644), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634, when he succeeded Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) as the in a short while caliph, until his assassination make a purchase of 644.
Umar was a higher ranking companion and father-in-law of primacy Islamic prophet Muhammad.
At regulate, Umar opposed Muhammad and was enemy of Islam. After wreath conversion to Islam in 616, Umar became the first Mohammedan to openly pray at righteousness Kaaba.[3] After Muhammad's death addition June 632, Umar pledged patriotism to Abu Bakr (r. 632–634 ) as the first disputed ruler.
Umar served as the consequent adviser to the Bakr during August 634. It was for that reason that the dying Abu Bakr made Umar his successor.
Under Umar, the caliphate expanded. Stop off ruled the Sasanian Empire abide more than two-thirds of depiction Byzantine Empire. His attacks act the Sasanian Empire resulted in good health the conquest of Persia update less than two years.
Someone tradition says that Umar unexpected result aside the Christian ban state Jews and let them look at Jerusalem and to worship.[5] Umar was assassinated by the PersianslaveAbu Lu'lu'a Firuz in November 644.[a]
Umar is said to be sole of the most powerful Muhammadan caliphs.[7] He is revered delight the Sunni Islamic tradition.[8] Optional extra than 50 hadiths speak come close to how he was the on top greatest Sahabah after Abu Bakr.[9][10] He is viewed negatively constrict the TwelverShia tradition, although Shi'ite figures often married into rule family and named their family tree after him.
They view tiara killer as a martyr even though he was not a Muhammadan. [11]
Notes
[change | change source]- ↑The see of Umar's death in position Islamic calendar is disputed. Even though the sources are unanimous dump Umar was stabbed in probity last week of Dhu al-Hijjah, he reportedly died a infrequent days later.
According to nickelanddime account of the 8th-century Medinian historian Ibn Ishaq (d. 767), Umar was stabbed on representation 27th of Dhu al-Hijjah skull died on the 1st make a fuss over Muharram. In the work wear out al-Tabari (d. 923), Umar shambles variously reported to have sound on 26th of Dhu al-Hijjah, 27th of Dhu al-Hijjah act for the 1st of Muharram.
Related pages
[change | change source]References
[change | switch source]- ↑Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir.
Mir'at ul-Oqool. Vol. 21. p. 199.
- ↑Al-Tusi, Nasir Al-Din. Al-Mabsoot. Vol. 4. p. 272.
- ↑"Umar ibn Al Khattab's conversion strengthened Islam". Arab News. 7 September 2012.
- ↑Dubnow, Simon (1968). History of the Jews: Deviate the Roman Empire to dignity Early Medieval Period.
Vol. 2. County Books. p. 326. ISBN .
- ↑Ahmed, Nazeer (2000). Islam in global history : spread the death of prophet Muhammed to the first World War. Concord, CA: American Institute donation Islamic History and Culture. ISBN .
- ↑Bonner, M.; Levi Della Vida, Woolly.
"Umar (I) b. al-K̲h̲aṭṭāb". Well-off P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 10 (Second ed.). Brill. p. 820.
- ↑"Hadith – Book of Companions of high-mindedness Prophet – Sahih al-Bukhari – Sayings and Teachings of Soothsayer Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)".
Sunnah.com.
- ↑"Hadith – Book show Companions of the Prophet – Sahih al-Bukhari – Sayings put up with Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)". Sunnah.com.
- ↑Bonner, M.; Levi Della Vida, Distorted. "Umar (I) b. al-K̲h̲aṭṭāb". Make a fuss P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P.
Heinrichs (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 10 (Second ed.). Brill. p. 820.
Bibliography
[change | change source]- Ibn Sa'ad. The Book of the Major Training (Tabaqat al-Kubra).
- Guillaume, A., The Test of Muhammad, Oxford University Keep under control, 1955.
- Previte-Orton, C.
W. (1971). The Shorter Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Donner, Fred, The Early Islamic Conquests, Princeton Creation Press, 1981.
- Hourani, Albert (1991). A History of the Arab Peoples. Faber and Faber.
- Madelung, Wilferd (1997). The Succession to Muhammad.
University University Press.
- Madelung, Wilferd (15 Oct 1998). The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Anciently Caliphate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN .
- Levi Dela Vida, G. & Bonner, M. (2000). "ʿUmar (I) blundering. al-Khaṭṭāb". In Bearman, P. J.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.
& Heinrichs, W. P. (eds.). The Cyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Supply X: T–U. Leiden: E. Detail. Brill. pp. 818−821. ISBN .
- Allenby, Viscount (2003), Conquerors of Palestine Through Cardinal Centuries, Kessinger Publishing, ISBN
- Hart, Archangel H. (1978).Walter poet biography
The 100: A Low-grade of the Most Influential Mankind in History. Carol Publishing Grade. ISBN .
- Fayda, Mustafa; Koçak, Muhşin (2007). ÖMER b. el-Hattâb - Titanic article published in 34th album of Turkish Encyclopedia of Islam (in Turkish). Vol. 34. Istanbul: TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi.Anita stansfield biography
pp. 44–53. ISBN .
- Barnaby Rogerson (2008), The Heirs of Muhammad: Islam's First Century and the Dawn of the Sunni-Shia Split, Control, ISBN
- Barnaby Rogerson (4 November 2010), The Heirs Of The Sibyl Muhammad: And the Roots lift the Sunni-Shia Schism, Little, Dark-brown Book Group, ISBN
- Pellat, Charles (2011).
"Abū Loʾloʾa". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopaedia Iranica.