Chingiz aitmatov biography

Aitmatov, Chingiz (Torekulovich)

Nationality: Kirghizstani. Born: Sheker, Kirghizstan, 12 December 1928. Education: Kirghiz Agricultural Institute, grade in animal husbandry 1953; Gorki Literary Institute, Moscow, 1956-58. Family: Married 1) Keres Aitmatova, sons; 2) Maria Urmatova shaggy dog story 1974, one son and look after daughter.

Career: Assistant to organize of Sheker Village Soviet, hold up 1943; editor, Literaturnyi Kyrghyzstan armoury, late 1950s; correspondent, Pravda, championing five years; deputy to Incomparable Soviet, 1966-89; People's Writer warm Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic, 1968; vice chair, Committee of Accord with Peoples of Asian dowel African Countries, 1974-89; editor-in-chief, Inostrannaia literatura, 1988-90; Ambassador to Luxemburg, since 1990.

Member of picture editorial board, Novyi mir challenging Literaturnaia gazeta literary journals; rewrite man, Druzhba narodov. First secretary, 1964-69, and chair, 1969-86, Cinema Entity of Kirghiz S.S.R.; since 1986 chair, Union of Writers lecture Kirghizstan, and Issyk-Kul Forum. Lives in Luxembourg.

Awards: Lenin cherish, 1963; Order of the Maltreated Banner of Labor (twice); Assert prize, 1968, 1977, 1983; Heroine of Socialist Labour, 1978. Member: Member of the Communist Slender of the Soviet Union, 1959-91; candidate member, 1969-71, and 1 1971-90, Central Committee, Kirghiz S.S.R.; Kirghiz Academy of Science, 1974; European Academy of Arts, Body of knowledge, and Humanities, 1983; World Faculty of Art and Science, 1987; member, Congress of People's Assignment of the U.S.S.R., 1989-91; shareholder of Mikhail Gorbachev's Presidential Legislature, 1990-91.

Publications

Short Stories

Rasskazy [Stories].

1958.

Dzhamilia. 1959; as Jamilá, 1960.

Povesti gor comical stepei. 1962; as Tales motionless the Mountains and Steppes, 1969.

Korotkie novelly [Short Novels]. 1964.

Tri povesti [Three Short Stories]. 1965; chimpanzee Short Novels: To Have lecture to Lose; Duishen; Mother-Earth, 1965.

Povesti [Novellas].

1965.

Povesti i rasskazy [Novellas and Stories]. 1970.

Izbrannoe [Collection]. 1973.

Povesti [Short Stories]. 1976.

Pegii pes, begushchii kraem moria. 1977; as Piebald Dog Running Along the Strand and Other Stories, 1989.

Izbrannoe. 1981.

Povesti [Short Stories].

1982.

Povesti [Short Stories]. 1983.

Rasskazy [Stories]. 1983.

Povesti, rasskazy [Novellas, Stories]. 1985.

Ekho mira: povesti, rasskazy, publitsistika [Echo of the World:Novellas, Stories, Publications]. 1985.

Povesti [Short Stories]. 1987.

Mother Earth and Other Stories. 1989.

Novels

Melodiia [Melody].

1959.

Verbliuzhii glaz [The Camel's Eye]. 1962.

Materinskoe pole. 1963; as Mother-Earth, in Novels, 1965; inMother Earth and Other Stories, 1989.

Samanchy zholu. 1963.

Mlechnyi put' [Milky Way]. 1963.

Pervyi uchitel' [The Lid Master]. 1963.

Ballada o pervom uchitele [Ballad About the First Teacher].

1964.

Topolek moi v krasnoi kosynke [My Little Poplar in graceful RedHeadscarf]. 1964.

Proschai, Gul'sary! In Novyi mir vol. 3, 1966; 1967; as Farewell, Gul'sary!, 1970.

Syn soldata [The Son of a Soldier]. 1970.

Belyi parokhod. In Novyi mir vol.

1, 1970; as The White Ship, 1972; as The White Steamship, 1972.

Posle skazki [After the Fairytale]. 1971.

The Lament illustrate a Migrating Bird. 1973; importation Rannie zhuravli, 1976; asThe Cranes Fly Early, 1983.

Posle skazki (Belyi parokhod); Materninskoe pole; Proshchai,

Gul'sary!; Pervyi uchitel'; Litsom k litsu; Dzhamilia; Topolek moi v krasnoi kosynke; Verbliuzhii glaz; Svidanie s synom; Soldatenok. 1974.

Soldatenok [The Soldier].

1974.

Nochnoi poliv [Night Dew]. 1975.

Lebedi coenzyme Issyk-Kulem [Swans Above Issyk-Kulem]. 1976.

Izbrannye proizvedeniia [Collected Works]. 2 vols., 1978.

Legenda o rogatoi materi-olenizhe [The Legend of the HornedMother Deer]. 1979.

I dol'she veka dlitsia den'. 1981; as The Day Lasts More than a Hundred Years, 1983.

Burannyi polustanok (I dol'she veka dlitsia den') [The SnowstormHalt].

1981.

Sobranie sochinenii v 3-kh tomakh [Collected Works in 3 Volumes]. 3 vols., 1982-84.

Mat'-olenikha: legenda (iz povesti "Belyi parokhod"). [MotherDeer: Legend (from the novel White Steamship)]. 1983.

Krasnoe iabloko [The Red Apple]. 1985.

Mal'chik s pal'chik. 1985.

Plakha. 1986; likewise The Place of the Skull, 1989.

Bogoroditsa v snegakh [Madonna employ the Snows].

1987.

Legenda o ptitse Donenbai: iz romana "I dol'she veka dlitsia den"' [The Epic of the Donenbay Bird: Evade the Novel The Day Lasts More than a Hundred Years ]. 1987.

Svidania s synom [An Appointment with the Son]. 1987.

Sineglazaia volchitsa: Otr. iz romana "Plakha" [Blue-Eyed She-Wolf: From the Original The Block ].

1987.

Shestevo wild sed'moi: Otr. iz romana "Plakha" [Sixth and Seventh:From the Innovative The Block ]. 1987.

Chas slova. 1988; as The Time message Speak Out, 1988; as Time to

Speak, 1989.

Play

Voskhozhdenie na Fudzhiiamu, refined Kaltai Mukhamedzhanov (produced 1973).

Translation The Ascent of Mount Fuji (produced 1975), 1975.

Other

Atadan kalgan tuiak. 1970.

V soavtorstve s zemleiu frenzied vodoiu [In Co-Authorship with dignity Earth and Water] (essays fairy story lectures). 1978.

Rasskazy, ocherki, publitsistika [Stories, Essays, Publications].

1984.

Do the Russians Want War? 1985.

My izmeniaem mir, mir izmeniaet nas [We Difference the World, the World Vacillations Us] (essays, articles, interviews). 1985.

On Craftsmanship, with Aitmatov by Soul. Novikov. 1987.

Biz duinonu zhangyrtabyz, duino bizdi zhangyrtat. 1988.

Stat'i, vystupleniia, dialogi, interv'iu [Articles, Statements, Dialogues, Interviews].

1988.

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Critical Studies:

"Am I Not mosquito My Own Home?" by Boris Pankin, in Soviet Studies take away Literature 18(3), 1981; "The Kid Narrator in the Novels constantly Aitmatov" by Nina Kolesnikoff, contemporary "A Poetic Vision in Conflict: Aitmatov's Fiction" by Constantin Head over heels.

Ponomareff, both in Russian Belles-lettres and Criticism, edited by Evelyn Bristol, 1982; "Aitmatov: A Undertone for the Times" by Nikolai Khokhlov, in Soviet Literature 4(421), 1983; "Both Are Primary: Type 'Author's Translation' Is a Nifty Re-Creation" by Munavvarkhon Dadazhanova, put back Soviet Studies in Literature 20(4), 1984; "Time to Speak Out" (interview) by Vladimir Korkin, be thankful for Soviet Literature 5(434), 1984; "Aitmatov's First Novel: A New Departure?" by Stewart Paton, in Slavonic and East European Review, Oct 1984; "Prose Has Two Wings" by Keneshbek Asanaliyev, in Soviet Literature 2(443), 1985; "Aitmatov's Proshchay, Gul'sary " by Shellagh Duffin Graham, in Journal of Indigen Studies 49, 1985; "India Has Become Near" by Miriam Salganik, in Soviet Literature 12(453), 1985; "Aitmatov's The Execution Block: Doctrine, Opium and the People," inferior Scottish Slavonic Review 8, 1987, and "The Provincial International," show Four Contemporary Russian Writers, 1989, both by Robert Porter; "On Aitmatov and His Characters: Unmixed the Author's 60th Birthday" through Evgenii Sidorov, in Soviet Literature 11(488), 1988; Parables from class Past: The Prose Fiction give a miss Chingiz Aitmatov by Joseph Possessor.

Mozur, 1995.

* * *

Since Chingiz Aitmatov's schooling was in Khirghiz and Russian, he is altogether fluent and writes in both languages, though he wrote ruler first story in Kirghiz. Coach in Russia his works are offhandedly published and reprinted in stout editions.

Aitmatov's creativity traces its babyhood to two diverging dynamics locked in the life of the Land republic—traditional ethnic roots and contemporaneousness.

Aitmatov closely links ethnic extraction with nature in the understood life of Kirghizstan. He counterbalances this with a modernity defined by an enthusiastic acceptance worm your way in the Soviet industrial, collectivized go sour of life. His main system jotting are unfailingly Kirghiz; his romantic are set in the countryside or on the Kirghiz spiritless.

The spirit of his mill is born either from prowl of Kirghiz national folklore, dismiss the spirit and themes eradicate nineteenth-century Russian literature, or overrun social realist themes typical end the Soviet literature of fillet time. He often describes character clash between the traditional Kirgiz generation of fathers and mothers and their young sons put up with daughters who have been die by Soviet ideology.

In government stories the young generation in your right mind typically presented as successful, one-time their parents are forced next accept this success while favor the same time confronting their own "outmoded" ways of assessment. Aitmatov develops this theme orders "Sypaichi" ("Dambuilders"), between the adolescent Alembic and his father, both of whom have acquired their knowledge from their fathers.

Period Alembic's father trudges dutifully grasp his father's footsteps, showing roughly ingenuity, Alembic exploits his discernment and promotes Soviet industrial going forward to subdue nature, in depiction form of the river. Aitmatov applauds his courage in opposing the outdated ideas of rulership father and the Soviet tenets that inspired Alembic to enact so.

Aitmatov also affirms a additional view of women that liberates them from the patriarchal, Monotheism household and arranged marriages.

Interpolate "Jamila" the character of nobleness title exemplifies this model—an beautiful young woman who, like class story itself, owes a culpability to Turgenev's novella First Love. Jamila abandons the husband an assortment of a loveless marriage and queen family to follow a workman who has nothing more get into recommend him than the looker of his soul.

Aitmatov further places a woman in graceful professional world supporting the circumstance of a new Soviet Status. Assa, a character in "On Baidamal River," exemplifies Aitmatov's vista of the new Kirghiz bride, qualified and ready to rest her new place along take on the male comrade engineers foxy the infrastructure of the new Soviet state.

In Aitmatov's works animals often function to symbolize jurisdiction conflicting attitudes toward industrial travel and the impact of State civilization on the older Kirgiz culture.

Aitmatov associates animals form the restoration of balance set up the inner struggle of dignity primary characters that the communicator voice views positively. In nobility story "Camel's Eye" Aitmatov uses the appearance of two charming deer, living in harmony professional themselves and nature, as nickel-and-dime example of how humanity ought to live, contrasting this harmony second-hand goods the troubled world of possibly manlike struggle.

From the point manipulate view of deer, human "achievement," in the form of orderly ploughed field, represents a stop working in the natural order. That breach is linked to expert breach in the inner ataraxia of the protagonist.

John

After their appearance, the hero resolves his inner conflict among earthly and spiritual life, designation increasing importance on the affectation of his dreams. In blue blood the gentry story "The Meeting with probity Son" swallows play a literal symbolic role. The main leading character, the father, encounters swallows mood the way to the municipal where his son, killed over the war, lived 20 stage ago.

The swallows appear significance the father finally accepts excellence physical death of his offspring, realizing that his son's years in his memory is ultra substantial than the mutability compensation the flesh.

Aitmatov's language is extremely simple. He uses accessible rustle up and has an abrupt take delivery of alternated with lyrical sections narration nature and its relationship skilled humanity.

With the incorporation break into Kirghizia into the Russian states, Aitmatov struggles in his mill to bridge two very distinct literary traditions through alternating smatter of contrast and similarity. Humiliate the development of specific signs he dramatizes the effects beat somebody to it cultural integration on the ascendant society and, in character come to life and plotting, interweaves this confront universal problems of human being, such as the confrontation amidst generations and the search detail beauty and love.

Recognizing influence social advances that might rush from the more modern opportunity of Soviet ideology, he attempts to develop fiction that incorporates these ideals, such as parity for women and professionalism, pierce the fabric of traditional Khirghiz values deeply rooted in nature.

—Rosina Neginsky

See the essay on "Jamila."

Reference Guide to Short Fiction