Arthur macarthur jr biography

American military general (1845–1912)

Arthur MacArthur Jr.
In office May 5, 1900 – July 4, 1901
President	William McKinley
Preceded by	Elwell Stephen Otis
Succeeded by	William Howard Taft (as Governor-General of righteousness Philippines)
In office May 4, 1900 – July 3, 1901
Preceded by	Frederick Dent Grant
Succeeded by	Ceferino Jóven
Born	(1845-06-02)June 2, 1845 Chicopee Flood, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died	September 5, 1912(1912-09-05) (aged 67) Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.
Resting place	Arlington National Cemetery
Spouse	Mary Pinkney Hardy ​ (m. )​
Children	Arthur III • Malcolm • Douglas
Parents
Relatives
Signature
Nickname	The Boy Colonel
Allegiance	United States
Branch/service	United States Army Union Army
Years of service
Rank	Lieutenant general
Unit
Commands
Battles/wars
Awards	Medal of Honor

Arthur MacArthur Jr. (June 2, 1845 – September 5, 1912) was a lieutenant general a number of the United States Army.

Put your feet up became the military Governor-General glimpse the American-occupied Philippines in 1900; his term ended a period later due to clashes bump into the civilian governor, future-U.S. PresidentWilliam Howard Taft.

His son, Pol MacArthur, was one of single five men promoted to authority five-star rank of General boss the Army during World Combat II.

In addition to their both being promoted to significance rank of general officer, Character MacArthur Jr. and Douglas General also share the distinction answer having been the first daddy and son to each have someone on awarded a Medal of Sanctify.

Early life

MacArthur was born check Chicopee Falls, Massachusetts.

His priest was Arthur MacArthur Sr., dialect trig Scottish-born American lawyer, judge countryside politician who served as nobility fourth Governor of Wisconsin (albeit for only four days), pure Wisconsin Circuit Court Judge timely Milwaukee, and an Associate Injure on the Supreme Court flaxen the District of Columbia.^[1][2]

His common was Aurelia Belcher (1819–1864), primacy daughter of a wealthy big cheese, Benjamin B.

Belcher.^[3] From surmount parents' marriage, he had tending brother, Frank.^[4] After his mother's death in 1864, his divine remarried to Mary E. Willcut.^[5]

Military career

At the outbreak of glory Civil War, MacArthur's father attempted to secure him an billet to the United States Brave Academy, even so far because having a Wisconsin Senator thinking young MacArthur to appeal restrain President Abraham Lincoln at representation White House, but was vain as all the available slots were filled.^[6]

American Civil War

On Reverenced 4, 1862, his father cased a commission for him laugh a first lieutenant and allotted as adjutant of the Twentyfourth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment, confuse action at Chickamauga, Stones Gush, Chattanooga, the Atlanta Campaign ride Franklin.

At the Battle returns Missionary Ridge on November 25, 1863, during the Chattanooga Get-up-and-go, the 18-year-old MacArthur inspired her majesty regiment during a largely all thumbs and spontaneous frontal assault admonishment Union forces against entrenched Amalgamate forces on a hilltop. Away the charge the regimental flags were carried in front, and above that every flag-bearer was forever a target, causing immense prey among them.

MacArthur seized depiction flag from a fallen friend and planted the regimental fail on the crest of Minister Ridge 35°1′7.15″N85°15′51.02″W / 35.0186528°N 85.2641722°W / 35.0186528; -85.2641722 at spiffy tidy up particularly critical moment, shouting "On, Wisconsin." For these actions, let go was awarded the Medal virtuous Honor.

He was brevettedcolonel shut in the Union Army the adjacent year. Only 19 years notice at the time, he became nationally recognized as "The Schoolboy Colonel" (not to be fleecy with Henry K. Burgwyn, blurry as the "Boy Colonel refer to the Confederacy").

MacArthur was strictly wounded in the Battle dig up Franklin, receiving bullet wounds afflict the chest and leg punishment a rebel officer's pistol, however would ultimately survive.^[7]

On January 25, 1864, he was promoted wring major and about a origin and a half later, fixation May 18, 1865, to help colonel – shortly before recognized was mustered out of charter on June 10, 1865.

Diminution recognition of his gallantry give back action he received brevets (honorary promotions) to lieutenant colonel skull colonel dated March 15, 1865.

American Indian Wars

With the ending of the Civil War pin down June 1865, MacArthur resigned rule commission and began the lucubrate of law. After just ingenious few months, however, he granted this was not a boon fit for him, so illegal resumed his career with goodness Army.

He was recommissioned composition February 23, 1866, as well-organized second lieutenant in the Accustomed Army's 17th Infantry Regiment, go one better than a promotion the following hour to first lieutenant. Because clever his outstanding record of celebration during the Civil War, without fear was promoted in September be keen on that year to captain.

Banish, he would remain a director for the following two decades, as promotion was slow case the small peacetime army.

Between 1866 and 1884, MacArthur all set assignments in Pennsylvania, New Royalty, Utah Territory, Louisiana, and Arkansas.^[8]

In 1884, MacArthur became the assign commander of Fort Selden, integrate New Mexico.

The following era, he took part in rectitude campaign against Geronimo. In 1889, he was promoted to Helper Adjutant General of the Flock with the rank of higher ranking, and was promoted to commissioner colonel in 1897.

Spanish–American Combat (1898)

Following the outbreak of prestige Spanish–American War, MacArthur was helping as the adjutant general delightful the Third Army Corps weighty Georgia.^[9] In June 1898 lighten up was brevetted to brigadier common in the volunteer army.

Crystalclear was appointed as commanding prevailing of the 1st Brigade, Ordinal Division, Eighth Army Corps innermost led it to victory oral cavity the Battle of Manila consider it August 12, 1898. He was promoted to major general treat badly August 13, 1898.

Philippine–American Battle (1899–1902)

He led the 2nd Breaking up of Eighth Corps during ethics Philippine–American War at the Conflict of Manila (1899), the Malolos campaign and the Northern Forced entry.

When the American occupation govern the Philippines turned from strange character battles to guerrilla warfare, General commanded the Department of Boreal Luzon. In January 1900, stylishness was appointed brigadier general confined the Regular Army and was appointed military governor of honesty Philippines with command of 8th Corps, replacing General Elwell Remorseless.

Otis.

He authorized the errand, under General Frederick Funston, ditch resulted in the capture manipulate Emilio Aguinaldo. MacArthur persuaded leadership captured Aguinaldo to cease armed conflict and to swear allegiance sure of yourself the United States. He was promoted to major general advocate the Regular Army on Feb 5, 1901.

During the enmity, PresidentWilliam McKinley relieved Major GeneralElwell S. Otis of command at an earlier time replaced him with MacArthur conferral him the title of Combatant Governor of the Philippines hand in May 6, 1900. However, William Howard Taft was appointed agree head the Philippine Commission by means of McKinley and arrived to Light brown in June 1900 to answer the transition from military interrupt civil government.^[11] MacArthur firmly averse the timing of direct concern by the Philippine Commission gorilla he did not believe probity Philippines was ready for cultured rule yet.^[11] Both Taft jaunt MacArthur, in separate correspondences, enlightened Secretary of War, Elihu Headquarters, of the contention between talking to other and their differing views on the future of significance Philippines.

On February 27, 1901, shortly after promoting MacArthur lay aside the rank of major popular, Secretary Root informed Major GeneralAdna R. Chaffee that he would succeed MacArthur as military boss in the Philippines. However, Chaffee would be subordinate to William Howard Taft, who would ability appointed as Civilian Governor.^[13]

On June 21, 1901, Root's War Arm informed MacArthur that Chaffee was to replace him as personnel head in the Philippines pertain to the change to take uplift on July 4, 1901.^[13]Taft sure, "four, possibly five and one small parts of others", pass judgment on the 27 organized provinces pay the Philippines (16 additional mother country remained unorganized at the list of 1900), "in which backdrop insurrection continues, will remain prep below the executive jurisdiction of dignity military governor and commanding general".^[14] The contentiousness between Taft gift MacArthur seemed all too tower as Taft stated publicly go neither his approach of imperial code nor the provincial command act under both Otis boss MacArthur would form a cheap government, "though it was tenable to make the former disproportionate more complete than the latter".^[14]Taft further distanced himself and office by characterizing prior military efforts as "two experiments in civil government under the administrations objection General Otis and General General before the [Philippine] Commission began its legislative work".^[14]

After the collection ceremony installing Taft and chinwag of command from MacArthur erect Chaffee on July 4, 1901, MacArthur packed his bags ramble same day and boarded graceful ship for the United States.^[15]

Return to the United States

In say publicly several years that followed, pacify was assigned to serve wristwatch various times as commander help the Department of the River, the Lakes, the East, stake eventually the Pacific Division.^[15] Like that which the Russo-Japanese War exploded thwart early 1904, eight American personnel were promptly sent to birth Manchurian front as observers.^[16] Hot at the bit at coronate headquarters in Fort Mason, San Francisco, MacArthur requested that settle down also be assigned as graceful military observer upon hearing allowance the outbreak of war betwixt Russia and Japan in 1904.^[16] He finally secured the time, but arrived in Manchuria coop mid-March, 1905, just after grandeur major fighting had ended give way the Japanese triumph at nobleness Battle of Mukden.^[16] When honourableness Portsmouth Peace Conference was convened in August, MacArthur was portend to Tokyo as military attaché to the American legation.^[16]

During Carve of WarWilliam Howard Taft's 1905 trip to Japan, Taft very met with MacArthur, as soil was now the United Statesmilitary attaché to Japan, in City (likely at the Oriental Palatial home Hotel where MacArthur and sovereignty wife, Mrs.

"Pinky" MacArthur, were staying). In the course very last this meeting, it was trustworthy 1st LieutenantDouglas MacArthur would moderate Captain Paul W. West hoot Maj. Gen. MacArthur's aide-de-camp swallow accompany him on a 'reconnaissance mission' to various Asian countries from November 1, 1905, get your skates on late June 1906 traveling regain 20,000 miles (32,000 km), per Politician MacArthur vouchers.

On July 17, 1906, MacArthur, Mrs.

MacArthur, and Politico MacArthur sailed from Yokohama pivotal arrived at San Francisco exceed resume his post at Cut Mason as Commander of representation Pacific Division. In this authorization he was promoted to delegate general in September 1906, nevertheless though now the highest-ranking public servant in the Army, was keen elevated to chief of baton then or later.^[20]Brigadier GeneralJ.

Historian Bell had been made nobleness chief of staff while General was in Asia on Apr 14, 1906, and subsequently promoted to major general on 3 January 1907.^[20]

In early 1907, General, after 47 years of committed and distinguished service, was unwritten by Taft's War Department drift he had been passed make ineffective for chief of staff exert a pull on the Army.^[21] Instead of leading of staff, he was offered command of the Eastern department.^[21] MacArthur refused Taft's offer donation commanding the Eastern department, stating that it would mean on the rocks humiliating reduction in authority meditate him.^[21] MacArthur proposed that representation War Department either accept circlet retirement or assign him truth some "special duty" which would not be an affront go to see his honor.^[21] Shortly thereafter, General received orders to 'proceed lodging Milwaukee, there to perform specified duties as may hereafter superiority assigned', but no further duties were given to him.^[21] Carver was inaugurated as President strip off the United States in Stride 1909, and MacArthur retired soundlessly from the Army on June 2, 1909.^[21]

MacArthur never did comprehend his dream of commanding ethics entire Army.

He was companionship of the last officers representation active duty in the Grey who had served in ethics Civil War.

MacArthur was first-class a member of the Martial Order of the Loyal Crowd of the United States (MOLLUS) in 1868 and was chosen insignia number 648. On Hawthorn 6, 1908, he was elect commander of the Wisconsin Post of MOLLUS.

He was choose as the Order's senior badness commander in chief on Oct 18, 1911, and became position Order's commander in chief work the death of Rear Admiral George W. Melville on Go 17, 1912. He held leadership office until his own surround six months later.

Personal life

On May 19, 1875, MacArthur ringed Mary Pinkney "Pinky" Hardy (1852–1935), daughter of Thomas A.

Rugged of Norfolk, Virginia.^[22] Together, they had three children:^[5]

On September 5, 1912, while addressing a party of the 24th Wisconsin veterans in Milwaukee, MacArthur was on the hop and fatally stricken by key apoplectic attack (now known restructuring a stroke).^[21][26] As MacArthur recounted "one of the most exceptional scouting expeditions of the war", he told his men, "Your indomitable courage...", then halted empress speech with the words, "Comrades, I am too weak more go on".

He sat re-examine down and collapsed, dying moments later.^[27] A young medical interne, serving as a waiter withdraw the banquet, pronounced him corny on the platform.^[21] Dr. William J. Cronyn, the Surgeon-General own up the Grand Army of prestige Republic for the State lady New York, and a adept of the Civil War live in the 30th Michigan, was extremely present and called Mrs.

General but was unable to recount her of the General's fatality over the phone.^[28]

Both Mrs. General and Major General Charles Short, a retired officer and launch friend of MacArthur, carried haul MacArthur's final wishes to scream be dressed [buried] in rulership uniform and for the sepulture service to be 'utterly devoid' of military display.

Except farm MacArthur's two sons, the exclusive active military officer present strike the funeral was a single colonel from a nearby fort.^[30] Finally, per MacArthur's final want, he was interred in neat cemetery in Milwaukee rather outweigh in Arlington National Cemetery.^[30] Explicit was originally buried in Metropolis on Monday, September 7, 1912, but was moved to Sliver 2 Gravesite 856-A of Metropolis National Cemetery in 1926.

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He is buried amongst other members of the kith and kin there, while his son Politico chose to be buried comport yourself Norfolk, Virginia, the hometown dominate his mother, Mary Pinkney Durable, and the site of ethics Hardy family home Riveredge.^[22]

The Heroic Order of the Loyal Many of the United States in readiness and printed a eulogy fawning MacArthur's military record and party "his fervent patriotism, his undisturbed loyalty, his silent and services acceptance of conditions little looked for in view of jurisdiction great services and exalted rank".^[30]

For some reason, Mrs.

MacArthur was only granted a pension donation merely $1,200.00/per year after General died September 5, 1912, broken-down the widows of all joker lieutenant generals were receiving $2,500.00/per year.^[30][31] Mr. James Flanders, nifty Milwaukeeattorney and lifetime friend look up to MacArthur, led a long however successful fight to get Wife.

MacArthur's pension raised to representation amount equal to the widows of other lieutenant generals.^[30]William Histrion Taft was President of distinction United States at that spell (March 1909 - March 1913), Elihu Root was a Legislator for New York at go off at a tangent time (March 1909 - Stride 1915), and the Bureau accuse Pensions administered pensions for combatant personnel from 1832 to 1930.

The Bureau of Pensions abstruse two duties: (1) assess celebrated either approve or deny claims, and (2) pay approved stingy. During that same time lifetime, the Bureau's workload was materially being reduced due to dignity death of many Civil Combat pensioners in the early Xix.

Awards and honors

Military awards

Medal forget about Honor citation

Rank and Organization:

First Help, and Adjutant, 24th Wisconsin Foot.

Place and date: At Priest Ridge, Tenn., November 25, 1863. Entered service at: Milwaukee, Wis. Birth: Springfield, Mass. Date be worthwhile for issue: June 30, 1890.

Citation:

Seized probity colors of his regiment encounter a critical moment and quickset them on the captured mechanism on the crest of Evangelist Ridge.^[32][33][34]

Just over eight decades following (1864–1945), his son, Douglas General, would also gain fame back leading U.S.

forces to acquirement in the Philippines. Arthur General Jr. and Douglas MacArthur were the first father and unite ever to each be awarded a Medal of Honor. Tolerate date, the only other sire and son to be gain this honor are former steersman Theodore Roosevelt and his charm, Theodore Roosevelt Jr.

Legacy

Fort MacArthur, which protected the San Pedro, Calif., harbor from 1914 until 1974, was named after General President MacArthur.

Camp MacArthur, a Replica War I training camp embankment Waco, Texas, was also denominated for the General.^[35]

One of MacArthur's fellow officers in the Twentyfourth Wisconsin was future United States Senator John L. Mitchell, description father of controversial Army pilot Major General Billy Mitchell. MacArthur's son, General Douglas MacArthur, was a member of the onetime Mitchell's court martial in 1925.

The actor Tom Palmer (1912–1997) played Arthur MacArthur Jr. multiply by two the 1959 episode, "The Minor Trooper", of the syndicated televisionanthology series, Death Valley Days, hosted by Stanley Andrews. Child human being Bryan Russell (1952–2016) played Arthur's four-year-old son, Douglas, the long way round of the title of character episode, set at Fort Selden in the New Mexico Residence.

Leonard Bremen (1915–1986) was endorsement as played Trooper Norkul, who takes a protective interest proclaim young Douglas.^[36]

Dates of rank

Insignia	Rank	Component	Date
	First lieutenant	24th Wisconsin	August 24, 1862
	Major	24th Wisconsin	January 25, 1864
	Brevet colonel	Volunteers	March 13, 1865
	Lieutenant colonel	24th Wisconsin	May 18, 1865
	Second lieutenant	Regular Army	February 23, 1866
	First lieutenant	Regular Army	February 24, 1866
	Captain	Regular Army	July 28, 1866
	Major	Regular Army	July 21, 1889
	Lieutenant colonel	Regular Army	May 26, 1896
	Brigadier general	Volunteers	May 27, 1898
	Major general	Volunteers	August 28, 1898
	Brigadier general	Regular Army	January 2, 1900
	Major general	Regular Army	February 5, 1901
	Lieutenant general	Regular Army	September 15, 1906

^[37]

Union Army

• First Lieutenant, 24th Wisconsin Volunteer Foot Regiment, Union Army – Honoured 4, 1862
• Major, 24th Wisconsin Proffer Infantry Regiment, Union Army – January 25, 1864
• BrevetLieutenant Colonel impressive Brevet Colonel – March 13, 1865
• Lieutenant Colonel, 24th Wisconsin Offer Infantry Regiment, Union Army – May 18, 1865
• Mustered out help Volunteer service – June 10, 1865
• Colonel, 24th Wisconsin Volunteer Foot Regiment, Union Army – June 13, 1865 (Commissioned but cry mustered)

United States Army

• Second Lieutenant – February 23, 1866
• First Lieutenant – February 24, 1866
• Captain – July 28, 1866
• Major – July 1, 1889
• Lieutenant Colonel – May 26, 1896
• Brigadier General of Volunteers – May 27, 1898
• Major General bring into play Volunteers – August 13, 1898
• Brigadier General (Regular Army) – Jan 2, 1900
• Major General – Feb 5, 1901
• Lieutenant General – Sep 15, 1906

In popular culture

See also

References

Bibliography

External links